环境拓扑如下：MySQL-VIP：192.168.1.200  MySQL-master1：192.168.1.201  MySQL-master2：192.168.1.202   OS版本：CentOS 5.4  MySQL版本：5.0.89  Keepalived版本：1.1.20 一、MySQL master-master配置

1、修改MySQL配置文件

两台MySQL均如要开启binlog日志功能，开启方法：在MySQL配置文件[MySQLd]段中加上log-bin=MySQL-bin选项

两台MySQL的server-ID不能一样，默认情况下两台MySQL的serverID都是1，需将其中一台修改为2即可

2、将192.168.1.201设为192.168.1.202的主服务器

在192.168.1.201上新建授权用户

MySQL> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'replication';  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   MySQL> show master status;  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  | MySQL-bin.000003 |      374 |              |                  |   +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  1 row in set (0.00 sec) 在192.168.1.202上将192.168.1.201设为自己的主服务器

MySQL> change master to master_host='192.168.1.201',master_user='replication',master_password='replication',master_log_file='MySQL-bin.000003',master_log_pos=374;  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)   MySQL> start slave;  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   MySQL> show slave status\G  *************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.201                  Master_User: replication                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 374               Relay_Log_File: MySQL-master2-relay-bin.000002                Relay_Log_Pos: 235        Relay_Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes              Replicate_Do_DB:           Replicate_Ignore_DB:            Replicate_Do_Table:        Replicate_Ignore_Table:       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:                    Last_Errno: 0                   Last_Error:                  Skip_Counter: 0          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 374              Relay_Log_Space: 235              Until_Condition: None               Until_Log_File:                 Until_Log_Pos: 0           Master_SSL_Allowed: No           Master_SSL_CA_File:            Master_SSL_CA_Path:               Master_SSL_Cert:             Master_SSL_Cipher:                Master_SSL_Key:         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0  1 row in set (0.00 sec) 3、将192.168.1.202设为192.168.1.201的主服务器

在192.168.1.202上新建授权用户

MySQL> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'replication';  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   MySQL> show master status;  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  | MySQL-bin.000003 |      374 |              |                  |   +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  1 row in set (0.00 sec) 在192.168.1.201上，将192.168.1.202设为自己的主服务器

MySQL> change master to master_host='192.168.1.202',master_user='replication',master_password='replication',master_log_file='MySQL-bin.000003',master_log_pos=374;  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)   MySQL> start slave;  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   MySQL> show slave status\G  *************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.202                  Master_User: replication                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 374               Relay_Log_File: MySQL-master1-relay-bin.000002                Relay_Log_Pos: 235        Relay_Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes              Replicate_Do_DB:           Replicate_Ignore_DB:            Replicate_Do_Table:        Replicate_Ignore_Table:       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:                    Last_Errno: 0                   Last_Error:                  Skip_Counter: 0          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 374              Relay_Log_Space: 235              Until_Condition: None               Until_Log_File:                 Until_Log_Pos: 0           Master_SSL_Allowed: No          Master_SSL_CA_File:            Master_SSL_CA_Path:               Master_SSL_Cert:             Master_SSL_Cipher:                Master_SSL_Key:         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0  1 row in set (0.00 sec) 4、MySQL同步测试

如上述均正确配置，现在任何一台MySQL上更新数据都会同步到另一台MySQL，MySQL同步在此不再演示

二、keepalived安装及配置

1、192.168.1.201服务器上keepalived安装及配置

安装keepalived

#tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.20.tar.gz  #cd keepalived-1.1.20  #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5-i686  #make && make install 配置keepalived

我们自己在新建一个配置文件，默认情况下keepalived启动时会去/etc/keepalived目录下找配置文件

#mkdir /etc/keepalived  #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  ! Configuration File for keepalived  global_defs {       notification_email {       luwenju@live.cn       }       notification_email_from luwenju@live.cn       smtp_server 127.0.0.1       smtp_connect_timeout 30       router_id MySQL-ha       }   vrrp_instance VI_1 {       state BACKUP   #两台配置此处均是BACKUP       interface eth0       virtual_router_id 51       priority 100   #优先级，另一台改为90       advert_int 1       nopreempt  #不抢占，只在优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器不设置       authentication {       auth_type PASS       auth_pass 1111       }       virtual_ipaddress {       192.168.1.200       }       }   virtual_server 192.168.1.200 3306 {       delay_loop 2   #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态       lb_algo wrr   #LVS算法       lb_kind DR    #LVS模式       persistence_timeout 60   #会话保持时间       protocol TCP       real_server 192.168.1.201 3306 {       weight 3       notify_down /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  #检测到服务down后执行的脚本       TCP_CHECK {       connect_timeout 10    #连接超时时间       nb_get_retry 3       #重连次数       delay_before_retry 3   #重连间隔时间       connect_port 3306   #健康检查端口       }       } 编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本

#vi /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  #!/bin/sh  pkill keepalived  #chmod +x /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh 注：此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的，keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server的服务状态，当发现real_server服务故障时，便触发此脚本；我们可以看到，脚本就一个命令，通过pkill keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程，从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外，我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作，因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP，而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP

启动keepalived

#/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D  #ps -aux | grep keepalived 测试

找一台局域网PC，然后去ping  MySQL的VIP，这时候MySQL的VIP是可以ping的通的

停止MySQL服务，看keepalived健康检查程序是否会触发我们编写的脚本

2、192.168.1.202上keepalived安装及配置

安装keepalived

#tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.20.tar.gz  #cd keepalived-1.1.20  #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5-i686  #make && make install 配置keepalived

这台配置和上面基本一样，但有三个地方不同：优先级为90、无抢占设置、real_server为本机IP

#mkdir /etc/keepalived  #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  ! Configuration File for keepalived  global_defs {       notification_email {       luwenju@live.cn       }       notification_email_from luwenju@live.cn       smtp_server 127.0.0.1       smtp_connect_timeout 30       router_id MySQL-ha       }   vrrp_instance VI_1 {       state BACKUP       interface eth0       virtual_router_id 51       priority 90       advert_int 1       authentication {       auth_type PASS       auth_pass 1111       }       virtual_ipaddress {       192.168.1.200       }       }   virtual_server 192.168.1.200 3306 {       delay_loop 2       lb_algo wrr       lb_kind DR       persistence_timeout 60       protocol TCP       real_server 192.168.1.202 3306 {       weight 3       notify_down /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh       TCP_CHECK {       connect_timeout 10       nb_get_retry 3       delay_before_retry 3       connect_port 3306       }       } 编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本

#vi /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  #!/bin/sh  pkill keepalived  #chmod +x /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh   启动keepalived  #/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D  #ps -aux | grep keepalived 测试

停止MySQL服务，看keepalived健康检查程序是否会触发我们编写的脚本

三、测试

MySQL远程登录测试

我们找一台安装有MySQL客户端的windows，然后登录VIP，看是否能登录，在登录之两台MySQL服务器都要授权允许从远程登录

MySQL> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)   MySQL> flush privileges;  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 使用客户端登录VIP测试

C:\MySQL\bin>MySQL.exe -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.1.200 -P3306  Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.  Your MySQL connection id is 224  Server version: 5.0.89-log Source distribution   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.   MySQL> ● keepalived故障转移测试

※在windows客户端一直去ping  VIP，然后关闭192.168.1.201上的keepalived，正常情况下VIP就会切换到192.168.1.202上面去

※开启192.168.1.201上的keepalived，关闭192.168.1.202上的keepalived，看是否能自动切换，正常情况下VIP又会属于192.168.1.201

注：keepalived切换速度还是非常块的，整个切换过程只需1-3秒

● MySQL故障转移测试

※在192.168.1.201上关闭MySQL服务，看VIP是否会切换到192.168.1.202上

※开启192.168.1.201上的MySQL和keepalived，然后关闭192.168.1.202上的MySQL，看VIP是否会切换到192.168.1.201上

关键字：keepalived、构建、MySQL